IPv6 (Cisco) Training - Using the "dns-server and Domain-name (IPv6)" Commands

Well, since this article is sort of lengthy I'm going to get right down to it; so without far ado let's begin.

The "dns-server" (IPv6) command, is a Cisco IOS "DHCP for IPv6 pool configuration" mode command that is used to specify the Domain Name System (DNS) IPv6 server(s) available on a network.

Below is the correct syntax and example of the "dns-server" (IPv6) command:

Syntax: router(config-dhcp)#dns-server ipv6-address
Example: router(config-dhcp)#dns-server 2001:0DC8:3000:3000::42

Notice, that the router's prompt is in "DHCP for IPv6 pool configuration" mode and the ipv6 address argument is the IPv6 address of the available DNS server.

Now, just in case if you were wondering; you can use (configure) the "dns-server" (IPv6) command multiple times on a router, if you have multiple DNS servers on your network. And, the new ipv6 addresses will not erase (overwrite) the existing (previous) ipv6 addresses.

Also, if you need to remove a specific DNS server from the DNS server list; all you need to do is type the word "no" in front of the command like you see below:

Syntax: router(config-dhcp)#no dns-server ipv6-address
Example: router(config-dhcp)#no dns-server 2001:0DC8:3000:3000::42

Ok, that pretty much sums up the "dns-server" (IPv6) command; so, let's move on to the "domain-name" (IPv6) command.

The "domain-name" (IPv6) command, is also a Cisco IOS "DHCP for IPv6 pool configuration" mode command; but it's used to configure a domain name for a DHCP for IPv6 client, which is also known as a Requesting Router or RR.

Below is the correct syntax and example of the "domain-name" (IPv6) command:

Syntax: router(config-dhcp)#domain-name domain
Example: router(config-dhcp)#domain-name ittechtips.com

Notice, that the router's prompt is once again in "DHCP for IPv6 pool configuration" mode and the domain argument is specifying the domain name to be used by the client. So, in the example above the router (client) is going to use the domain name ittechtips.com.

And, just like the "dns-server" (IPv6) command; the "domain-name" (IPv6) command can be used (configured) multiple times on a router. And, the new domain names will not erase (overwrite) the existing domain names.

Lastly, if you need to remove a domain name from a DHCPv6 client (RR); you must type the word "no" in front of the "domain-name" (IPv6) command like you see below:

Syntax: router(config-dhcp)#no domain-name domain
Example: router(config-dhcp)#no domain-name ittechtips.com

I hope this article was very informative and helped you quickly understand the usage of the "dns-server and domain-name" (IPv6) Commands. If you need to learn more; I suggest you visit my website, were you'll find the latest information regarding Cisco IPv6 Design and Implementation Techniques.

To your success,

Charles Ross, CCNP #CSCO10444244 is the owner of Ittechtips.com; where you'll find free comprehensive information and videos about IPv6 technology and how it works with Cisco Systems technology.

Sign-Up for "18 Free Videos" that will teach you IPv6 Address Representation In Under 10 Minutes! And, also learn more about the new "Cisco IPv6 Video Accelerated Training Course" at his website. http://www.ciscoipv6ittechtips.com

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Various Options Available to Open Files With .Docx Extension - Latest Microsoft Word Application

Recently, I received text content for a website project from a client. Unfortunately, the file was in .docx format. This is a new format for the latest Microsoft word application. I could not open this file as I use the older version.

After searching the internet and other sources, I found the following options available to open the new word files in older applications. Here is the list.

1. Download Microsoft Compatibility Pack from Microsoft website

2. Use online facility. Websites like docx2doc.com and zamzar.com are some popular sites that provide the facility to convert files from .docx to .doc.

Zamzar offers to convert your file in 4 easy steps.

Step 1 - Upload the .docx file.
Step 2 - Choose from the various conversion options.
Step 3 - Add your email address.
Step 4 - Submit the request.

Docs2doc.com adopts a two step process.

Step 1 - Upload the .docx file.
Step 2 - Add your email address.

It takes upto 24 hrs to get your converted file back, which I think is such a waste of time.

3. Desktop Widgets - There are many Desktop Widgets available online which can be used to convert the new word documents.

4. The fourth method is the quickest. Here are the steps.

Step 1 - Change the extension of the file from .docx to .zip.
Step 2 - Extract the content using unzipping program.
Step 3 - Locate the file document.xml in the extracted folder and open it in Notepad,Internet Explorer latest version ( 7.0 ) or use XML VIEWER from Mind fusion.

I have not personally tried Mind Fusion, so use it at your own risk. I have tried the notepad method. It requires editing of unwanted tags and characters to extract your content.

5. Use OpenOffice - It has an XML Translator.

For more articles / tips and tutorials log on to http://gateway2internet.com/blog

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How Does Bitmap Images Differ From Vector Graphics?

Bitmap images and vector graphics are both used for computer graphics. Bitmap images, also called raster images are created from a grid of colors called pixels. Each pixels are assigned a specific color value and location within the grid. When working with bitmap images, groups of pixels are edited instead of shapes or objects. Bitmap graphics display subtle gradations of shades, color, and display continuous tones best for photographs, paintings, and art works created from painting programs. The drawback of bitmap images is that the number of pixels are fixed within the grid. Therefore, when the image is scaled up onscreen or zoomed in, the image looks jagged and looses detail. The same result is found when the image is printed at a lower resolution than the original.

Vector graphics are created from lines and curves defined by mathematical objects or geometric characteristics called vectors. The graphic can be moved freely and edited without losing detail or clarity, because they are resolution independent. Whether they are resized, printed to a PostScript printer, saved in a PDF file, or imported into a vector based graphic application, the graphic always maintains its shape. For artworks such as Illustrator types and logos, vector graphics are the best choice for rendering sizes and output media.

Both bitmap images and vector graphics can be created in Photoshop. Any shape tools, pen tool or the freeform pen tool can create vector shapes and paths. Vector arts can be copied and pasted between the creative suite applications. To create bitmap shapes, the pencil tool and the brush tool can be used. To compare the bitmap and vector art, use Photoshop to zoom in or scale the image up and see the difference. Vector and bitmap graphics serve different purposes for projects.

Anna W. is an Adobe Certified Expert in Photoshop CS3. She received her bachelor of arts in studio art from the Wheaton College, a master degree in art education from the Rhode Island School of Design. Her teaching experience include: CDIA, New Horizons, Newton Community Education, and free Photoshop CS3 lessons online. For more information, please visit: http://designersbookmark.com

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